Tyrant-flycatchers (Tyrannidae)

Vermilion Flycatcher (Pyrocephalus rubinus) - HBW 9, p. 374

French: Moucherolle vermillon German: Rubintyrann Spanish: Mosquero Cardenal

Taxonomy: Muscicapa rubinus Boddaert, 1783, Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil.
Racial boundaries poorly delineated in some cases; further research needed to clarify limits. Galapagos races (nanus, dubius) sometimes treated as one or two separate species. Birds from SE Peru (Huiro and Chaquimayo) described as race major, but validity has repeatedly been questioned; breeding grounds of this purported race unknown. Twelve subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution:

flammeus van Rossem, 1934 - breeds SW USA (SE California E locally to Oklahoma and Texas) S to NW Mexico; N populations winter in S of breeding range and S to Central America.
mexicanus P. L. Sclater, 1859 - S USA (S Texas) S locally to C & S Mexico.
blatteus Bangs, 1911 - SE Mexico, Belize and N Guatemala.

See all 12 subspecies

flammeus van Rossem, 1934 - breeds SW USA (SE California E locally to Oklahoma and Texas) S to NW Mexico; N populations winter in S of breeding range and S to Central America.
mexicanus P. L. Sclater, 1859 - S USA (S Texas) S locally to C & S Mexico.
blatteus Bangs, 1911 - SE Mexico, Belize and N Guatemala.
pinicola T. R. Howell, 1965 - E Honduras (Mosquitia) and NE Nicaragua.
nanus Gould, 1839 - Galapagos Archipelago (except San Cristóbal).
dubius Gould, 1839 - San Cristóbal I (Chatham), in Galapagos.
saturatus Berlepsch & Hartert, 1902 - NE Colombia, W & N Venezuela, Guyana and N Brazil.
piurae J. T. Zimmer, 1941 - W Colombia S to NW Peru.
ardens J. T. Zimmer, 1941 - N Peru (extreme E Piura, Cajamarca, Amazonas).
obscurus Gould, 1839 - W Peru (Lima region).
cocachacrae J. T. Zimmer, 1941 - SW Peru S to extreme N Chile.
rubinus (Boddaert, 1783) - breeds SE Bolivia, Paraguay and SE Brazil S to Argentina (S to Río Negro) and Uruguay; winters mostly E of Andes N to E Ecuador and SE Colombia and E through Amazonia and S Brazil.