New World Blackbirds (Icteridae)

Venezuelan Troupial (Icterus icterus) - HBW 16, p. 766

French: Oriole troupiale German: Orangetrupial Spanish: Turpial Venezolano
Other common names: (Common) Troupial

Taxonomy: O.[riolus] icterus Linnaeus, 1766, “in America calidiore” = Cumaná, Sucre, Venezuela.
Closely related to I. jamacaii and I. croconotus, and all are often regarded as conspecific, but no intermediates known, and no hybrids reported in areas where sympatry with escaped cagebirds occurs (e.g. around Belém, in Pará, in N Brazil). Distribution of black and orange in plumage of race metae slightly approaches that of I. croconotus, but this probably convergence, as other characters of metae are unique. Three subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution: