Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Reddish Hermit (Phaethornis ruber) - HBW 5, p. 546
French: Ermite roussâtre
German: Roter Zwergschattenkolibri
Spanish: Ermitaño Rojizo
Other common names: Red-vented/Pygmy Hermit
Taxonomy: Trochilus ruber Linnaeus, 1758, Surinam.
One of the small hermits sometimes separated in genus Pygmornis. Forms a species group or even superspecies with P. stuarti, and the two are often considered conspecific; there is very close geographical contact, if not sympatry, and one natural hybrid recorded. Other close relatives are P. atrimentalis, P. striigularis and P. griseogularis. There is a zone of character introgression between nominate and race longipennis, but no such zone has been found between present species and P. stuarti. Future investigation may confirm species status for .. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Trochilus ruber Linnaeus, 1758, Surinam.
One of the small hermits sometimes separated in genus Pygmornis. Forms a species group or even superspecies with P. stuarti, and the two are often considered conspecific; there is very close geographical contact, if not sympatry, and one natural hybrid recorded. Other close relatives are P. atrimentalis, P. striigularis and P. griseogularis. There is a zone of character introgression between nominate and race longipennis, but no such zone has been found between present species and P. stuarti. Future investigation may confirm species status for current races nigricinctus and episcopus, other taxa apparently lacking introgession with nominate ruber. Birds of SE Brazil have been separated as race pygmaeus, but claimed differences took insufficient account of age- and sex-related individual variation homogeneously distributed over entire range of nominate race. Synonyms for species include P. rufiventris and P. rufigaster. A hybrid of nominate ruber with P. rupurumii was described as “P. longuemareus aethopyga”. Four subspecies recognized.
One of the small hermits sometimes separated in genus Pygmornis. Forms a species group or even superspecies with P. stuarti, and the two are often considered conspecific; there is very close geographical contact, if not sympatry, and one natural hybrid recorded. Other close relatives are P. atrimentalis, P. striigularis and P. griseogularis. There is a zone of character introgression between nominate and race longipennis, but no such zone has been found between present species and P. stuarti. Future investigation may confirm species status for current races nigricinctus and episcopus, other taxa apparently lacking introgession with nominate ruber. Birds of SE Brazil have been separated as race pygmaeus, but claimed differences took insufficient account of age- and sex-related individual variation homogeneously distributed over entire range of nominate race. Synonyms for species include P. rufiventris and P. rufigaster. A hybrid of nominate ruber with P. rupurumii was described as “P. longuemareus aethopyga”. Four subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- episcopus Gould, 1857 - C & E Venezuela, Guyana and adjacent N Brazil.
- ruber (Linnaeus, 1758) - Surinam and French Guiana through Brazil to SE Peru and N Bolivia.
- nigricinctus Lawrence, 1858 - extreme SW Venezuela and E & S Colombia to N Peru.
- longipennis Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1902 - S Peru.
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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bird feeding on Nicolaia elatior flower Locality Finca La Vuelta Larga, Sucre State, Venezuela
Thore Noernberg 6 August 2012 41 weeks ago 14 sec 4.5 -
A perched male stretching the wings and protruding its tongue Locality Floresta Amazonica Hotel, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (ssp ruber)
Nick Athanas 16 October 2006 6 years ago 37 sec 4.4 -
A male perched close to the forest floor, stretching wings and tail and calling. Locality Río Negro, Beni Department, Bolivia (ssp ruber)
Josep del Hoyo 30 August 2005 6 years ago 36 sec 4.4 -
Male singing in lek. Locality Picinguaba, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil
Antonio Silveira 28 October 1991 32 weeks ago 2 min 4 -
A bird perched and singing at the end, then, flying away Locality Floresta Amazonica Hotel, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (ssp ruber)
Will Carter 1 June 2006 5 years ago 18 sec 4 -
A front side of a female calling Locality Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (ssp ruber)
Will Carter 27 June 2006 5 years ago 33 sec 3.8 -
A bird singing on a branch. Locality Usina Trapiche, Sirinhaém, Pernambuco State, Brazil (ssp ruber)
herve jacob 18 November 2009 3 years ago 25 sec 3.8 -
A male on a branch Locality Floresta Amazonica Hotel, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (ssp ruber)
Nick Athanas 16 October 2006 6 years ago 39 sec 3.8 -
A male perched close to the forest floor, singing, protruding the tongue and stretching the wings and tail Locality Río Negro, Beni Department, Bolivia (ssp ruber)
Josep del Hoyo 30 August 2005 6 years ago 32 sec 3.7 -
A frontal view of a male calling in a lek, and then flying away. Locality Apoera, Sipaliwini District, Suriname (ssp ruber )
Pieter de Groot Boersma 3 May 2011 1 year ago 21 sec 3.5 -
One male perched singing in the "restinga" of Atlantic rainforest. Locality Picinguaba, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil (ssp pygmeus)
Antonio Silveira 1 October 1991 50 weeks ago 28 sec 3.4 -
A male perched close to the forest floor, singing Locality Río Negro, Beni Department, Bolivia (ssp ruber)
Josep del Hoyo 30 August 2005 6 years ago 29 sec 3.4 -
A ventral view of a male calling in a lek, and then flying away. Locality Apoera, Sipaliwini District, Suriname (ssp ruber )
Pieter de Groot Boersma 3 May 2011 1 year ago 9 sec 3 -
A female inside an open shrub next to a road Locality Las Claritas, Bolívar State, Venezuela (ssp episcopus)
Ron Hoff 18 March 2005 5 years ago 10 sec 2.6 -
An adult bird singing Locality Jaqueira (Frei Caneca Reserve), Pernambuco State, Brazil
Carlos Gussoni 27 April 2010 2 years ago 11 sec 2.5 -
Female Reddish Hermit collecting silk for her nest. Locality Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil
marmoset 3 years ago 18 sec 2.5
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