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Hornbills (Bucerotidae)

Mindanao Tarictic Hornbill (Penelopides affinis) - HBW 6, p. 507

French: Calao de Mindanao German: Mindanao-Tariktikhornvogel Spanish: Cálao Chico de Mindanao
Other common names: Mindanao Hornbill

Taxonomy: Penelopides affinis Tweeddale, 1877, Mindanao, Philippines.
Forms a superspecies with P. panini, P. manillae and P. mindorensis, and all four formerly considered conspecific; P. exarhatus also treated as conspecific by some authors. Race samarensis sometimes treated as a separate species, but reasons for this unclear; further study needed. Three subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution:

samarensis Steere, 1890 - Samar, Calicoan, Leyte and Bohol, in EC Philippines.
affinis Tweeddale, 1877 - Dinagat, Siargao and Mindanao.
basilanicus Steere, 1890 - Basilan.

Least Concern

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frontal view Locality London Zoo, London, England, Great Britain
chrisjohnson 22 March 1982 15 weeks ago 4
A closeup of the head of a female Locality London Zoo, London, England, Great Britain (ssp affinis)
Jonathan Beilby 1 March 2007 2 years ago 4
rear view Locality London Zoo, London, England, Great Britain
chrisjohnson 22 March 1982 15 weeks ago 3.7
A female in flight. Locality Mount Kitanglad, Bukidnon Province, Mindanao, Philippines (Monotypic species)
Nick Athanas 1 March 2011 47 weeks ago 3.4
Adult male. Locality Vogelpark Walsrode, Walsrode, Lower Saxony, Germany (ssp samarensis)
Tomasz Doroń 4 July 2010 8 weeks ago 3.3
bird on branch Locality London Zoo, London, England, Great Britain
chrisjohnson 12 September 1982 15 weeks ago 3.3

Sounds

bird calling overhead Locality Rajah Sikatuna National Park, Bohol, Philippines (ssp samarensis)
Desmond Allen 1 February 2001 1 year ago 2.5

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