Tyrant-flycatchers (Tyrannidae)
Masked Tityra (Tityra semifasciata) - HBW 9, p. 449
French: Tityre masqué
German: Weißnackentityra
Spanish: Titira Enmascarado
Taxonomy: Pachyrhynchus semifasciatus Spix, 1825, Pará, Brazil.
Genus formerly included with Pachyramphus in the Cotingidae, but transferred to the present family on the grounds of several shared, derived similarities of the skull and syrinx. Because of their similarity to cotingids in respect of many other features, some authors prefer to treat both genera as representing a separate family (Tityridae) or to leave them in Cotingidae. Phylogenetic affinity of genus and of this species currently unknown; molecular investigation needed. Nominate race and fortis intergrade in W Amazonia, such that distributional limit of each not entirely clear... View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Pachyrhynchus semifasciatus Spix, 1825, Pará, Brazil.
Genus formerly included with Pachyramphus in the Cotingidae, but transferred to the present family on the grounds of several shared, derived similarities of the skull and syrinx. Because of their similarity to cotingids in respect of many other features, some authors prefer to treat both genera as representing a separate family (Tityridae) or to leave them in Cotingidae. Phylogenetic affinity of genus and of this species currently unknown; molecular investigation needed. Nominate race and fortis intergrade in W Amazonia, such that distributional limit of each not entirely clear. Race hannumi often merged with griseiceps. Nine subspecies currently recognized.
Genus formerly included with Pachyramphus in the Cotingidae, but transferred to the present family on the grounds of several shared, derived similarities of the skull and syrinx. Because of their similarity to cotingids in respect of many other features, some authors prefer to treat both genera as representing a separate family (Tityridae) or to leave them in Cotingidae. Phylogenetic affinity of genus and of this species currently unknown; molecular investigation needed. Nominate race and fortis intergrade in W Amazonia, such that distributional limit of each not entirely clear. Race hannumi often merged with griseiceps. Nine subspecies currently recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- hannumi van Rossem & Hachisuka, 1937 - NW Mexico (SE Sonora, SW Chiuahua, NE Sinaloa).
- griseiceps Ridgway, 1888 - W Mexico (coast region from N/C Sinaloa and W Durango S to S Oaxaca).
- personata Jardine & Selby, 1827 - E Mexico (SW Tamaulipas, SE San Luis Potosí, N Distrito Federal and N Puebla E to Yucatán), N & S Guatemala, Belize, W & C Honduras, El Salvador and NC Nicaragua.
- hannumi van Rossem & Hachisuka, 1937 - NW Mexico (SE Sonora, SW Chiuahua, NE Sinaloa).
- griseiceps Ridgway, 1888 - W Mexico (coast region from N/C Sinaloa and W Durango S to S Oaxaca).
- personata Jardine & Selby, 1827 - E Mexico (SW Tamaulipas, SE San Luis Potosí, N Distrito Federal and N Puebla E to Yucatán), N & S Guatemala, Belize, W & C Honduras, El Salvador and NC Nicaragua.
- deses Bangs, 1915 - SE Mexico (Yucatán).
- costaricensis Ridgway, 1906 - SE Honduras, Nicaragua (except NC area), Costa Rica and W & C Panama (including Coiba I and Cébaco I).
- columbiana Ridgway, 1906 - E Panama, N & W Colombia (Bolívar and Magdalena S to Chocó, N Antioquia and WC Santander) and NW & N Venezuela (Sierra de Perijá, Andes, and coastal range from Yaracuy E to Miranda).
- nigriceps J. A. Allen, 1888 - extreme SW Colombia (Nariño) and NW Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Manabí, W Pichincha, W Guayas, Los Ríos, NW Azuay).
- fortis Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1896 - E Colombia (E slope of E Andes), E Ecuador (along base of E slope), E Peru (Loreto and San Martín S to E Ayachucho and Puno), N & E Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba and Beni E to Santa Cruz) and WC Brazil (Mato Grosso).
- semifasciata (Spix, 1825) - French Guiana, Brazil (primarily S of Amazon in C & S Amazonas E to Pará, Amapá and N Maranhão, S to Acre, Rondônia, S Mato Grosso and N Goiás) and NE Paraguay (Canindeyú).
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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A female at the nest entrance with a lauraceous fruit, entering, exiting, then entering again and finally exiting with a fecal s Locality Santa Elena, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica (ssp costaricensis)
Richard Garrigues 15 July 2012 42 weeks ago 37 sec 4.8 -
A male at the nest entrance with a lauraceous fruit. Locality Santa Elena, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica (ssp costaricensis)
Richard Garrigues 15 July 2012 42 weeks ago 19 sec 4.6 -
A bird in a tree, gaping once, before flying away. Locality Tikal National Park, Petén Department, Guatemala (ssp personata)
Pieter de Groot Boersma 5 August 2005 5 years ago 26 sec 4.6 -
A immature and adult bird foraging around. Locality Alto Mayo Protection Forest, San Martín Department, Peru
Yoel Jimenez 28 November 2012 19 weeks ago 24 sec 4.5 -
A pair perched in a dead tree. Locality Fazenda Javaes, Pium, Tocantins State, Brazil (ssp semifasciata)
Josep del Hoyo 5 August 2011 45 weeks ago 23 sec 4.4 -
A male calling and flying away Locality Manu National Park, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru (ssp fortis)
Virgilio Yábar Calderón 16 July 2002 9 years ago 13 sec 4.3
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A male perched on a trunk.
Locality La Selva Biological Station, Puerto Viejo, Sarapiquí, Heredia Province, Costa Rica (ssp costaricensis)
Marco T. Saborio 33 weeks ago 4.1 -
A female bird carrying an insect.
Locality Morazán, Pérez Zeledón, San José Province, Costa Rica
manuel retana 1 June 2009 3 years ago 4 -
An individual captures his prey at Teles Pires River.
Locality Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (ssp semifasciata)
Tatiana Colombo 17 November 2007 4 years ago 3.8 -
Male perched
Locality Santiago de Puriscal, San José Province, Costa Rica
Róger Rodríguez 31 March 2013 7 weeks ago 3.8 -
Male bird sitting on a branch.
Locality Grand Sirenis Resort, Akumal, Quintana Roo State, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico (Southern)
John Pratt 19 January 2011 20 weeks ago 3.8 -
Male perched high in a tree.
Locality Muyil Archeaological Site, Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve, Quintana Roo State, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico (Southern) (ssp personata)
Ken Simonite 7 January 2013 16 weeks ago 3.7
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Calls by a female. Locality Fazenda Javaes, Pium, Tocantins State, Brazil
(ssp semifasciata)
Josep del Hoyo 5 August 2011 45 weeks ago 3 -
A pair chasing each other around the middle branches of a tree. Locality Río Palenque Reserve, Pichincha Province, Ecuador
(ssp nigriceps)
Nick Athanas 30 July 2001 3 years ago 3
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