Finches (Fringillidae)

Hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes) - HBW 15, p. 610

French: Gros-bec casse-noyaux German: Kernbeißer Spanish: Picogordo Común

Taxonomy: Loxia coccothraustes Linnaeus, 1758, southern Europe, probably Italy.
Geographical variation fairly slight and partly clinal, nominate race increasing in size from W to E. Nominate intergrades widely with nigricans in Croatia, S Bulgaria and Greece E to S Ukraine and NW & N Turkey, and latter race may fall within level of variation of nominate, from which considered doubtfully separable by plumage features; further research required. Six subspecies currently recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution:

coccothraustes ( Linnaeus, 1758) - S Fennoscandia and C & S Britain S to Spain, Corsica, Sardinia, C Italy, Slovenia, N Bulgaria, N Greece, NW & N Turkey and N & C Caucasus, E through Russia and C Siberia to Transbaikalia, S to NE Kazakhstan and N Mongolia; winters Europe (except N) S to N Africa, Cyprus, C Asia, and C, S & SE China (Gansu E to Jiangsu, S to Fujian, also Guizhou).
buvryi Cabanis, 1862 - N & NC Morocco, N Algeria and N Tunisia.
nigricans Buturlin, 1908 - Ukraine, C & S Caucasus, NE Turkey, N Iran, possibly also SW Turkmenistan.

See all 6 subspecies

coccothraustes ( Linnaeus, 1758) - S Fennoscandia and C & S Britain S to Spain, Corsica, Sardinia, C Italy, Slovenia, N Bulgaria, N Greece, NW & N Turkey and N & C Caucasus, E through Russia and C Siberia to Transbaikalia, S to NE Kazakhstan and N Mongolia; winters Europe (except N) S to N Africa, Cyprus, C Asia, and C, S & SE China (Gansu E to Jiangsu, S to Fujian, also Guizhou).
buvryi Cabanis, 1862 - N & NC Morocco, N Algeria and N Tunisia.
nigricans Buturlin, 1908 - Ukraine, C & S Caucasus, NE Turkey, N Iran, possibly also SW Turkmenistan.
humii Sharpe, 1886 - E Uzbekistan E to W Kyrgyzstan and S Kazakhstan (W Tien Shan), S to WC & NE Afghanistan and W Tajikistan; winters also S to N & W Pakistan and W Kashmir.
schulpini H. Johansen, 1944 - breeds Russian Far East (Amurland and Ussuriland), NE China (N Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang S to S Liaoning) and N Korea; migrates to E & SE China.
japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1848 - breeds E Russia (C & S Kamchatka), Sakhalin I, S Kuril Is and N & C Japan; migrates to S Japan, Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Is), S Korea, E China (Hebei S to Jiangsu) and Taiwan.