Pigeons and Doves (Columbidae)
Green Imperial-pigeon (Ducula aenea) - HBW 4, p. 229
French: Carpophage pauline
German: Bronzefruchttaube
Spanish: Dúcula Verde
Other common names: Chestnut-naped Imperial-pigeon (paulina); Enggano Imperial-pigeon (oenothorax)
Taxonomy: Columba ænea Linnaeus, 1766, Moluccas; error = Manila.
Forms a species-group with D. perspicillata and D. concinna. Races oenothorax and paulina sometimes considered two separate species. Racial variation not altogether clear; proposed race andamanica (Andaman Is) included in sylvatica; polia (Lesser Sundas) included in nominate; intermedia (Talaud Is), pallidinucha (SE Sulawesi and offshore islands), pulchella (Togian Is) and sulana (Banggai and Sula Is) included in paulina; chalybura is synonym of nominate; further analysis is likely to reduce further sti.. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Columba ænea Linnaeus, 1766, Moluccas; error = Manila.
Forms a species-group with D. perspicillata and D. concinna. Races oenothorax and paulina sometimes considered two separate species. Racial variation not altogether clear; proposed race andamanica (Andaman Is) included in sylvatica; polia (Lesser Sundas) included in nominate; intermedia (Talaud Is), pallidinucha (SE Sulawesi and offshore islands), pulchella (Togian Is) and sulana (Banggai and Sula Is) included in paulina; chalybura is synonym of nominate; further analysis is likely to reduce further still the number of races accepted. Thirteen subspecies currently recognized.
Forms a species-group with D. perspicillata and D. concinna. Races oenothorax and paulina sometimes considered two separate species. Racial variation not altogether clear; proposed race andamanica (Andaman Is) included in sylvatica; polia (Lesser Sundas) included in nominate; intermedia (Talaud Is), pallidinucha (SE Sulawesi and offshore islands), pulchella (Togian Is) and sulana (Banggai and Sula Is) included in paulina; chalybura is synonym of nominate; further analysis is likely to reduce further still the number of races accepted. Thirteen subspecies currently recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- sylvatica (Tickell, 1833) - N India through Nepal to S Myanmar (C Tenasserim) and Andaman Is, N Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia.
- pusilla (Blyth, 1849) - S India and Sri Lanka.
- nicobarica (Pelzeln, 1865) - Nicobar Is.
- sylvatica (Tickell, 1833) - N India through Nepal to S Myanmar (C Tenasserim) and Andaman Is, N Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia.
- pusilla (Blyth, 1849) - S India and Sri Lanka.
- nicobarica (Pelzeln, 1865) - Nicobar Is.
- mista (Oberholser, 1912) - Simeulue (off NW Sumatra).
- babiensis (Richmond, 1912) - Tapah Is of Babi and Lasia (off S Simeulue).
- consobrina (Salvadori, 1887) - Nias (off CW Sumatra).
- vicina (Riley, 1927) - Batu Is and Mentawai Is (off CW Sumatra).
- oenothorax (Salvadori, 1892) - Enggano (off SW Sumatra).
- aenea (Linnaeus, 1766) - Malay Peninsula from Tenasserim and S Thailand through Sumatra (including Riau Archipelago, Bangka), Borneo (including Anambas, Natuna, Tambelan Is) and Philippines (all main islands except Palawan) to Java and Lesser Sundas (Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores, Pantar, Alor).
- palawanensis (A. W. H. Blasius, 1888) - Banggi (off NE Borneo) through Balabac, Palawan and Dumaran to Linapacan, Culion, Calauit and Busuanga (W Philippines).
- fugaenis (Hachisuka, 1930) - Calayan, Fuga and Camiguin Norte (N Philippines).
- nuchalis (Cabanis, 1882) - N Luzon (N Philippines).
- paulina Bonaparte, 1854 - Talaud and Sangihe Is to Sulawesi (and associated islands) and Togian, Banggai and Sula Is.
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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A bird on top of a tree, looking around Locality Komodo National Park, Lesser Sundas (ssp aenea)
Stefan Behrens 2003 4 years ago 34 sec 4.4 -
Two birds in a tree, one feeding on fruits Locality Komodo National Park, Lesser Sundas (ssp aenea)
Stefan Behrens 2003 4 years ago 51 sec 4.4 -
Two birds perched on a Tamarindus tree Locality Komodo National Park, Lesser Sundas (ssp aenea)
Stefan Behrens 2003 4 years ago 21 sec 4.3 -
A bird in a tree Locality Tambun, Dumoga Bone (Bogani Nani Wartabone) National Park, North Sulawesi, Sulawesi (ssp paulina)
Josep del Hoyo 5 August 2007 4 years ago 15 sec 4.1 -
A bird perched and flying to another tree. Locality Mount Harriet National Park, South Andaman, Andaman Islands, Andaman and Nicobar (ssp sylvatica)
Josep del Hoyo 15 December 2009 2 years ago 45 sec 4 -
An adult perched in a tree. Locality Mamutik Island, Tunku Abdul Rahman Park, Sabah (Malaysia), Borneo (ssp aenea)
Nick Talbot 12 April 2010 2 years ago 13 sec 4
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A bird perched.
Locality Khao Kheow Open Zoo, Chonburi, Central Thailand, Thailand
Josep del Hoyo 4 April 2008 3 years ago 4 -
Male Perched in a palm tree.
Locality Sinharaja Forest Reserve, Sri Lanka
John A Thompson 23 March 2012 6 weeks ago 3.8 -
Perched in a tree
Locality Sinharaja Forest Reserve, Sri Lanka
John A Thompson 24 March 2012 5 weeks ago 3.8 -
Feeding in a small fruiting tree.
Locality Tissamaharama, Southern Province, Sri Lanka (ssp pusilla)
Steve Garvie 1 August 2009 2 years ago 3.6 -
A bird perched.
Locality Mount Harriet National Park, South Andaman, Andaman Islands, Andaman and Nicobar (ssp sylvatica)
Josep del Hoyo 15 December 2009 2 years ago 3.5 -
An adult perched in a tree.
Locality Mamutik Island, Tunku Abdul Rahman Park, Sabah (Malaysia), Borneo (ssp aenea)
Nick Talbot 12 April 2010 2 years ago 3.3
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A bird singing. Locality Mount Harriet National Park, South Andaman, Andaman Islands, Andaman and Nicobar
(ssp sylvatica)
Josep del Hoyo 15 December 2009 2 years ago 3 -
A distant call of a bird. Locality Chidiya Tapu Biological Park, South Andaman, Andaman Islands, Andaman and Nicobar
(ssp sylvatica)
Josep del Hoyo 16 December 2009 2 years ago 1.5
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