Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Golden-tailed Sapphire (Chrysuronia oenone) - HBW 5, p. 590
French: Saphir oenone
German: Bronzeschwanz-Saphirkolibri
Spanish: Zafiro Colidorado
Taxonomy: Ornismya œnone Lesson, 1832, Trinidad; probably error = north-east Venezuela.
Monotypic genus, sometimes merged into Hylocharis because of similarity in plumage, but lacks swollen base of bill and enlarged nasal operculum of that genus. Proposed type locality of Trinidad seems unlikely, as there are apparently no definite records with specific localities, and the species is not mentioned in any work on Trinidad birds during present century. Race alleni may not be adequately separable from josephinae. Several other races proposed: longirostris from E Colombia differs from nominate only in average bill length; azurea, supposedly from W .. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Ornismya œnone Lesson, 1832, Trinidad; probably error = north-east Venezuela.
Monotypic genus, sometimes merged into Hylocharis because of similarity in plumage, but lacks swollen base of bill and enlarged nasal operculum of that genus. Proposed type locality of Trinidad seems unlikely, as there are apparently no definite records with specific localities, and the species is not mentioned in any work on Trinidad birds during present century. Race alleni may not be adequately separable from josephinae. Several other races proposed: longirostris from E Colombia differs from nominate only in average bill length; azurea, supposedly from W Ecuador but no definite records thence (in fact, probably from E Ecuador), has characters of a subadult male of oenone; peruviana doubtfully distinct from josephinae; and intermedia of upper Amazonia probably of hybrid origin. “Thalurania lerchii”, known from Bogotá trade skins, is apparently a hybrid between present species and Thalurania furcata. Three subspecies currently recognized.
Monotypic genus, sometimes merged into Hylocharis because of similarity in plumage, but lacks swollen base of bill and enlarged nasal operculum of that genus. Proposed type locality of Trinidad seems unlikely, as there are apparently no definite records with specific localities, and the species is not mentioned in any work on Trinidad birds during present century. Race alleni may not be adequately separable from josephinae. Several other races proposed: longirostris from E Colombia differs from nominate only in average bill length; azurea, supposedly from W Ecuador but no definite records thence (in fact, probably from E Ecuador), has characters of a subadult male of oenone; peruviana doubtfully distinct from josephinae; and intermedia of upper Amazonia probably of hybrid origin. “Thalurania lerchii”, known from Bogotá trade skins, is apparently a hybrid between present species and Thalurania furcata. Three subspecies currently recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- oenone (Lesson, 1832) - N & E Venezuela, E Colombia, E Ecuador, extreme NE Peru and adjacent extreme W Brazil.
- josephinae (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1848) - most of E Peru.
- alleni (Elliot, 1888) - N Bolivia.
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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female bird by a feeder Locality Moyobamba, San Martín Department, Peru (ssp josephinae)
Daniêl Jimenez 2 December 2012 1 week ago ADDED LAST MONTH 15 sec 4 -
A male feeding on verbain flowers and resting intermittently Locality Amazonia Lodge, Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru (ssp josephinae)
Josep del Hoyo 4 August 2005 7 years ago 40 sec 3.8 -
An adult perched on a branch Locality Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru (ssp josephinae)
Virgilio Yábar Calderón 4 February 2002 9 years ago 15 sec 3.7 -
A male perched and feeding on verbain flowers Locality Amazonia Lodge, Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru (ssp josephinae)
Josep del Hoyo 4 August 2005 7 years ago 20 sec 3.7 -
feeding on flowers Locality Amazonia Lodge, Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru (ssp josephinae)
Martin Kennewell 5 September 2006 1 year ago 16 sec 3.3 -
A male perched on a stem Locality Amazonia Lodge, Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru
Keith Blomerley 26 November 2004 3 years ago 12 sec 3
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Lateral view of a perched male.
Locality Tasajera, Aragua State, Venezuela (ssp oenone)
philgunson 25 April 2010 3 years ago 4 -
A male arriving to a feeder
Locality Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela (ssp oenone)
Eduardo López 6 June 2009 3 years ago 4 -
A frontal view of a perched female.
Locality Tasajera, Aragua State, Venezuela (ssp oenone)
philgunson 24 June 2008 4 years ago 4 -
A female at a feeder
Locality Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela (ssp oenone)
Eduardo López 6 June 2009 3 years ago 3.9 -
Frontal view of a male feeding in flight.
Locality Amazonia Lodge, Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru (ssp josephinae)
Joe Tobias 1 December 2004 26 weeks ago 3.8 -
A female on a wire
Locality El Hatillo, Miranda State, Venezuela
Miguel Emmanuelli 3 October 2010 2 years ago 3.8
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Song from a perched male. Locality Río Bombuscaro Reserve, Podocarpus National Park, Zamora-Chinchipe Province, Ecuador
(ssp oenone)
Nick Athanas 26 September 2001 3 years ago 4
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