Thrushes (Turdidae)
European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) - HBW 10, p. 753
French: Rougegorge familier
German: Rotkehlchen
Spanish: Petirrojo Europeo
Other common names: Robin, Robin Redbreast, Redbreast
Taxonomy: Motacilla Rubecula Linnaeus, 1758, Europe = Sweden.
It has been suggested that Canary Is race superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate race (“marionae”) on grounds of considerable genetic isolation; this species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among W races; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanu.. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Motacilla Rubecula Linnaeus, 1758, Europe = Sweden.
It has been suggested that Canary Is race superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate race (“marionae”) on grounds of considerable genetic isolation; this species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among W races; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanus. Other described races are armoricanus (described from NW France), sardus (Sardinia) and balcanicus (W Turkey), all synonymized with nominate. Eight subspecies recognized.
It has been suggested that Canary Is race superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate race (“marionae”) on grounds of considerable genetic isolation; this species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among W races; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanus. Other described races are armoricanus (described from NW France), sardus (Sardinia) and balcanicus (W Turkey), all synonymized with nominate. Eight subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- melophilus Hartert, 1901 - British Is; non-breeding also SW Europe.
- rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) - Continental Europe E to Ural Mts and W Asia Minor, also islands in E Atlantic (Azores, Madeira, W Canary Is) and NW Morocco; non-breeding W & S Europe and NE Africa.
- tataricus Grote, 1928 - Urals and SW Siberia; non-breeding SW Asia.
- melophilus Hartert, 1901 - British Is; non-breeding also SW Europe.
- rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) - Continental Europe E to Ural Mts and W Asia Minor, also islands in E Atlantic (Azores, Madeira, W Canary Is) and NW Morocco; non-breeding W & S Europe and NE Africa.
- tataricus Grote, 1928 - Urals and SW Siberia; non-breeding SW Asia.
- superbus Koenig, 1889 - C Canary Is (Tenerife, Gran Canaria).
- witherbyi Hartert, 1910 - N Algeria and N Tunisia.
- valens Portenko, 1954 - S Crimea.
- caucasicus Buturlin, 1907 - E Turkey and Caucasus area; non-breeding also Middle East.
- hyrcanus Blanford, 1874 - SE Azerbaijan and N Iran; non-breeding also Middle East.
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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a very young bird on a branch, calling Locality De Glind, Barneveld, Gelderland Province, Netherlands (Monotypic species)
Wout van den Brink 10 September 1999 2 years ago 37 sec 4.4 -
Close up of an adult Robin removing a faecal sac from nest of five chicks. Locality Winchester, Hampshire, England, Great Britain
Simon.Churchill 30 May 2009 2 years ago 17 sec 4.4 -
A bird taking a bath Locality Girona, Girona Province, Catalonia, Spain
Ferran Vaquero 9 December 2011 9 weeks ago 1 min 34 sec 4.3 -
A bird feeding in hour garden. Locality Flevoland Province, Netherlands
Yoel Jimenez 20 December 2009 2 years ago 42 sec 4.3 -
Two views of a curious perched bird. Locality Zandvoort, North Holland Province, Netherlands (ssp rubecula)
Pieter de Groot Boersma 8 January 2007 2 years ago 26 sec 4.3 -
An adult perched and then flying away Locality Cornwall, England, Great Britain (ssp melophilus)
Greg Baker 22 October 2010 28 weeks ago 23 sec 4.3
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Posing Robin
Locality Netherlands
Rob Belterman 22 January 2010 1 year ago 4.4 -
on a branch
Locality Karkom, Jordan Valley, Israel
Lior Kislev 22 December 2011 7 weeks ago 4.4 -
winter bird standing in the snow
Locality City of Zagreb, Croatia
spiljar 3 December 2010 1 year ago 4.2 -
The most friendly bird of the Mountain perched on a branch.
Locality Montserrat Mountain Natural Park, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain
Josep Batlle 5 weeks ago 4.2 -
Singing in the cold winter.
Locality Zealand Region, Denmark (ssp rubecula)
Henrik Bringsøe 23 November 2008 33 weeks ago 4.2 -
trusted juvenile on a branch.
Locality Montserrat Mountain Natural Park, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain
Josep Batlle 6 June 2011 19 weeks ago 4.2
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A male singing Locality Antwerp Province, Belgium
(ssp rubecula)
Laurent Demongin 15 April 2010 1 year ago 4.5 -
Male singing by lamp in suburban park at night Locality Surrey, England, Great Britain
Stuart Fisher 1 November 2005 2 years ago 4.1 -
Song. Locality Font Roja Natural Park, Alcoi, Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain
(ssp rubecula)
Carlos Fabregat 28 October 2011 15 weeks ago 4 -
Calls. Locality Font Roja Natural Park, Alcoi, Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain
(ssp rubecula)
Carlos Fabregat 28 October 2011 15 weeks ago 4 -
A Robin singing in a suburban park Locality Worms, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Claus Fischer 30 April 2010 1 year ago 4 -
Subsong of a male Locality Bromley-by-Bow, London, England, Great Britain
(ssp melophilus)
Stuart Fisher 16 February 2010 1 year ago 4
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