Thrushes (Turdidae)
European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) - HBW 10, p. 753
French: Rougegorge familier
German: Rotkehlchen
Spanish: Petirrojo Europeo
Other common names: Robin, Robin Redbreast, Redbreast
Taxonomy: Motacilla Rubecula Linnaeus, 1758, Europe = Sweden.
It has been suggested that Canary Is race superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate race (“marionae”) on grounds of considerable genetic isolation; this species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among W races; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanu.. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Motacilla Rubecula Linnaeus,1758. Europe = Sweden.
It has been suggested that Canary Is race superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate race (“marionae”) on grounds of considerable genetic isolation; this species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among W races; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanus. Other described races are armoricanus (described from NW France), sardus (Sardinia) and balcanicus (W Turkey), all synonymized with nominate. Eight subspecies recognized.
It has been suggested that Canary Is race superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate race (“marionae”) on grounds of considerable genetic isolation; this species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among W races; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanus. Other described races are armoricanus (described from NW France), sardus (Sardinia) and balcanicus (W Turkey), all synonymized with nominate. Eight subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- melophilus Hartert, 1901 - British Is; non-breeding also SW Europe.
- rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) - Continental Europe E to Ural Mts and W Asia Minor, also islands in E Atlantic (Azores, Madeira, W Canary Is) and NW Morocco; non-breeding W & S Europe and NE Africa.
- tataricus Grote, 1928 - Urals and SW Siberia; non-breeding SW Asia.
- melophilus Hartert, 1901 - British Is; non-breeding also SW Europe.
- rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) - Continental Europe E to Ural Mts and W Asia Minor, also islands in E Atlantic (Azores, Madeira, W Canary Is) and NW Morocco; non-breeding W & S Europe and NE Africa.
- tataricus Grote, 1928 - Urals and SW Siberia; non-breeding SW Asia.
- superbus Koenig, 1889 - C Canary Is (Tenerife, Gran Canaria).
- witherbyi Hartert, 1910 - N Algeria and N Tunisia.
- valens Portenko, 1954 - S Crimea.
- caucasicus Buturlin, 1907 - E Turkey and Caucasus area; non-breeding also Middle East.
- hyrcanus Blanford, 1874 - SE Azerbaijan and N Iran; non-breeding also Middle East.
- Least Concern
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a very young bird on a branch, calling De Glind, Barneveld, Gelderland Province, Netherlands (Monotypic species)
wout van den brink 10 September 1999 26 weeks ago 37 sec 4.5 -
Close up of an adult Robin removing a faecal sac from nest of five chicks. Winchester, Hampshire, England, UK
Simon.Churchill 30 May 2009 1 year ago 17 sec 4.4 -
A bird feeding on some bread. Flevoland Province, Netherlands
Yoel Jimenez 20 December 2009 29 weeks ago 30 sec 4.3 -
Two views of a curious perched bird. Zandvoort, North Holland, Netherlands (ssp rubecula)
Pieter de Groot Bo... 8 January 2007 1 year ago 26 sec 4.3 -
A bird singing Vilanova i la Geltru, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain
Pere Sugranyes 21 October 2007 1 year ago 7 sec 4.3 -
A bird feeding on peanuts in hour garden. Flevoland Province, Netherlands
Yoel Jimenez 20 December 2009 31 weeks ago 47 sec 4.3
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Posing Robin Netherlands
Rob Belterman 22 January 2010 15 weeks ago 4.4 -
Robin La Herrería, San Lorenzo del Escorial, Madrid, Spain
juan 20 February 2010 22 weeks ago 4.2 -
Possibly tamest wild bird species in Ireland. A gentle robin until his territory is invaded by another male. Stillorgan, Dublin, Dublin Region, Ireland
Brendan Marnell 7 February 2009 1 year ago 4.1 -
robin, photographed on the longdendale trail in 2009 Peak District, Derbyshire, England, UK
william Binns 5 February 2009 20 weeks ago 4 -
An juvenile-first year in the hand. Valldoreix, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain (ssp rubecula)
Alberto Soria 35 weeks ago 4 -
A dead bird hanging from a branch, killed by a shrike Columbretes Islands, Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain (ssp rubecula)
Carlos Fabregat 11 March 2009 1 year ago 4
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A male singing Antwerp Province, Belgium
(ssp rubecula)
Laurent Demongin 15 April 2010 6 weeks ago 4 -
A bird calling Antwerp Province, Belgium
(ssp rubecula)
Laurent Demongin 15 April 2010 6 weeks ago 4 -
A Robin singing in a suburban park Worms, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Claus Fischer 30 April 2010 12 weeks ago 4 -
Subsong of a male Bromley-by-Bow, London, England, UK
(ssp melophilus)
Stuart Fisher 16 February 2010 23 weeks ago 4 -
A bird giving predator alarm calls Cunda (Alibey) Island, Ayvalık Islands, Turkey
(ssp uncertain subspecies)
Stuart Fisher 23 October 2006 23 weeks ago 4 -
Contact and alarm calls and a verse of song from a male London, England, UK
(ssp melophilus)
Stuart Fisher 24 October 2009 39 weeks ago 4
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