Finches (Fringillidae)
European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) - HBW 15, p. 542
French: Verdier d'Europe
German: Grünfink
Spanish: Verderón Común
Other common names: Common/Western Greenfinch
Taxonomy: Loxia chloris Linnaeus, 1758, Sweden.
Recent phylogenetic analysis indicates that this species is closest to C. sinica and C. spinoides, probably forming a superspecies with them and with C. ambigua (and presumably including also C. monguilloti). All may be only distantly related to present congeners, suggesting that resurrection of genus Chloris appropriate; comprehensive review of all taxa in current genus required in order to determine true relationships. Has hybridized with C. carduelis. Ten subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- harrisoni ( Clancey, 1940) - Britain (except N Scotland) and Ireland.
- chloris ( Linnaeus, 1758) - N Scotland, Norway and N & C France E to C Urals, NW Kazakhstan and W Siberia, S to Hungary and N Ukraine; NE breeders migrate to S Europe.
- aurantiiventris ( Cabanis, 1851) - Madeira, Canary Is, S France and Spain (except NW) E to Croatia, W & S Greece, Crete, Dodecanese and Cyprus, also N Tunisia & NW Libya; non-breeding also Morocco E to N Egypt.
- harrisoni ( Clancey, 1940) - Britain (except N Scotland) and Ireland.
- chloris ( Linnaeus, 1758) - N Scotland, Norway and N & C France E to C Urals, NW Kazakhstan and W Siberia, S to Hungary and N Ukraine; NE breeders migrate to S Europe.
- aurantiiventris ( Cabanis, 1851) - Madeira, Canary Is, S France and Spain (except NW) E to Croatia, W & S Greece, Crete, Dodecanese and Cyprus, also N Tunisia & NW Libya; non-breeding also Morocco E to N Egypt.
- muehlei Parrot, 1905 - Serbia, Macedonia, Romania and Moldova S to C & E Greece; non-breeding also E to W Asia Minor.
- vanmarli Voous, 1951 - NW Spain, Portugal and NW Morocco.
- voousi Roselaar, 1993 - C Morocco E to N Algeria.
- madaraszi ( Tschusi, 1911) - Corsica and Sardinia.
- chlorotica ( Bonaparte, 1850) - SC Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, W Jordan and NE Egypt.
- bilkevitchi ( Zarudny, 1911) - S Ukraine (Crimea) E to Caucasus, NE Turkey, N Iran and SW Turkmenistan.
- turkestanica ( Zarudny, 1907) - W & N Tien Shan from S Kazakhstan S to Kyrgyzstan and C Tajikistan; winters S to NW Afghanistan.
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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A male at a bath, defending its position from a female Blackcap, that has to wait. Locality Lynx Garden, Bellaterra, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain (ssp aurantiiventris)
Josep del Hoyo 12 January 2013 17 weeks ago 1 min 28 sec 5 -
A dorsal view of a male on a branch rubbing its bill, shaking its tongue, scratching and preening Locality Benicarló, Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain (ssp aurantiiventris)
Jesús Laborda 18 August 2007 5 years ago 47 sec 4.8 -
A bird feeding on flower Locality Gressholmen Island, Oslo Fjord, Oslo & Akershus, Norway (ssp chloris)
Eric Roualet 14 May 2006 2 years ago 17 sec 4.8 -
A male in a tree Locality Malmedy, Liège Province, Belgium (ssp chloris)
Jean Hupperetz 5 May 2006 6 years ago 16 sec 4.7 -
An adult male drinking and flying away Locality Vilanova i la Geltru, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain (ssp aurantiiventris)
Pere Sugranyes 31 March 2006 5 years ago 33 sec 4.6 -
A female drinking and bathing in company of two Rock Petronias Locality Jaulín, Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain (ssp aurantiiventris)
Jesús Laborda 7 July 2007 5 years ago 48 sec 4.6
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Adult male perched
Locality Landes, Aquitanie, France
Nicole Bouglouan 27 November 2007 3 years ago 4.6 -
Male resting on a branch
Locality Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel, Zuidplas, South Holland Province, Netherlands
Rob Belterman 16 December 2012 21 weeks ago 4.3 -
Adult male (>2cy) in the hand, lateral view.
Locality Milicz Fish Ponds, Milicz, Lower Silesian Province, Poland (ssp chloris)
Hanna Sztwiertnia 30 May 2011 1 year ago 4.2 -
Adult feeding on Ligustrum japonicum berries
Locality San Román de los Montes, Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain
Rafael Merchante 5 February 2012 4 days ago ADDED LAST WEEK 4.2 -
A female just recently eating some fruit.
Locality Sweden (ssp chloris)
Christer 16 October 2010 2 years ago 4.2 -
Sitting on the cherry tree
Locality Hungary
Zotyesz 6 March 2010 3 years ago 4.2
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A male singing. Locality Pasvik Taiga, Svanvik, Finnmark County, Norway
(ssp chloris)
Josep del Hoyo 1 April 2010 2 years ago 5 -
Calls of (mainly) juveniles Locality Woking, Surrey, England, Great Britain
(ssp chloris)
Stuart Fisher 19 July 2009 3 years ago 4.3 -
A male singing and other birds calling on the background. Locality Lake Benmore, South Island, New Zealand
Josep del Hoyo 25 January 2013 9 weeks ago 4 -
Songs and calls of a male. Locality Kaamanen, Inari, Lapland Province, Finland
(ssp chloris)
Josep del Hoyo 31 March 2010 2 years ago 4 -
Wheezy song of a male Locality London, England, Great Britain
Stuart Fisher 3 years ago 3.3 -
Song of a male Locality West Ham, London, England, Great Britain
(ssp chloris)
Stuart Fisher 17 January 2009 3 years ago 3
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