Old World Sparrows (Passeridae)
Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) - HBW 14, p. 804
French: Moineau friquet
German:
Spanish: Gorrión Molinero
Other common names: (European) Tree Sparrow
Taxonomy: Fringilla montana Linnaeus, 1758, "in Europa" = northern Italy.
Probably evolved from a sparrow population that was isolated in Yellow R valley (China), which remained free of ice, during last glaciation of Pleistocene (25,000-15,000 years ago). Not infrequently hybridizes with P. domesticus where one of the two species is rare and presumably has difficulty in finding mate of own species; hybrids with P. hispaniolensis also reported. Race iubilaeus is sometimes treated as synonym of saturatus and obscuratus as synonym of dilutus. Proposed race zaissanensis (from Kara Irtysh, in extreme E Kazakhstan) subsume.. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Fringilla montana Linnaeus,1758. "in Europa" = northern Italy.
Probably evolved from a sparrow population that was isolated in Yellow R valley (China), which remained free of ice, during last glaciation of Pleistocene (25,000-15,000 years ago). Not infrequently hybridizes with P. domesticus where one of the two species is rare and presumably has difficulty in finding mate of own species; hybrids with P. hispaniolensis also reported. Race iubilaeus is sometimes treated as synonym of saturatus and obscuratus as synonym of dilutus. Proposed race zaissanensis (from Kara Irtysh, in extreme E Kazakhstan) subsumed into dilutus, and hepaticus (from Mishmi Hills, in NW Asssam, in NE India) synonymized with malaccensis. Ten subspecies recognized.
Probably evolved from a sparrow population that was isolated in Yellow R valley (China), which remained free of ice, during last glaciation of Pleistocene (25,000-15,000 years ago). Not infrequently hybridizes with P. domesticus where one of the two species is rare and presumably has difficulty in finding mate of own species; hybrids with P. hispaniolensis also reported. Race iubilaeus is sometimes treated as synonym of saturatus and obscuratus as synonym of dilutus. Proposed race zaissanensis (from Kara Irtysh, in extreme E Kazakhstan) subsumed into dilutus, and hepaticus (from Mishmi Hills, in NW Asssam, in NE India) synonymized with malaccensis. Ten subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- montanus ( Linnaeus, 1758) - from Europe E through NC Asia to Kamchatka and Commander Is, S to Mediterranean islands, Turkey, N Kazakhstan, NE Mongolia and NE China (N Inner Mongolia).
- transcaucasicus Buturlin, 1906 - E Asia Minor and Caucasus region S to Armenia and E to N Iran (N of Elburz Mts).
- dilutus Richmond, 1896 - Caspian Sea E to S Kazakhstan, NW China and W & S Mongolia.
- montanus ( Linnaeus, 1758) - from Europe E through NC Asia to Kamchatka and Commander Is, S to Mediterranean islands, Turkey, N Kazakhstan, NE Mongolia and NE China (N Inner Mongolia).
- transcaucasicus Buturlin, 1906 - E Asia Minor and Caucasus region S to Armenia and E to N Iran (N of Elburz Mts).
- dilutus Richmond, 1896 - Caspian Sea E to S Kazakhstan, NW China and W & S Mongolia.
- kansuensis Stresemann, 1932 - N Gansu and Tsaidam Basin, in N China.
- tibetanus Stuart Baker, 1925 - S & E Tibetan Plateau and C China (E to SE Qinghai and W Sichuan).
- dybowskii Domaniewski, 1915 - E Asia from extreme SE Russia (lower R Amur) S to NE China (E Inner Mongolia and Liaoning) and N Korea.
- iubilaeus Reichenow, 1907 - E China from Beijing S to E Sichuan and lower R Yangtze.
- obscuratus Jacobi, 1923 - Nepal E to NE India.
- malaccensis A. J. C. Dubois, 1885 - SE Asia from Myanmar E to Indochina and SE China (including Hainan), S to Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, S Philippines, Sulawesi and Lesser Sundas.
- saturatus Stejneger, 1885 - Sakhalin I, S Kurils, Japan, S Korea, Ryukyu Is, Taiwan, Philippines, N Borneo and N Indonesian islands.
- Least Concern
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Six different nest boxes in use, all recorded the same day Lynx Garden, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (ssp montanus)
Josep del Hoyo 17 June 2005 5 years ago 45 sec 4.5 -
The two members of a pair feeding the chicks and cleaning the nest box Lynx Garden, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (ssp montanus)
Josep del Hoyo 17 June 2005 5 years ago 51 sec 4.5 -
adult seek for food De Glind, Barneveld, Gelderland Province, Netherlands (Monotypic species)
wout van den brink 3 March 2006 33 weeks ago 18 sec 4.3 -
An adult on a wire, with food in its beak. Gaivoron, Khanka Lake, Primorsky Krai, Russia (Eastern) (ssp dybowskii)
Josep del Hoyo 8 June 2009 25 weeks ago 28 sec 4.3 -
An adult feeding its chicks with cherry pulp Lynx Garden, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (ssp montanus)
Josep del Hoyo 17 June 2005 5 years ago 37 sec 4.1 -
A bird foraging and taking a dust bath. Taman Negara National Park, Peninsular Malaysia (ssp malaccensis)
Pieter de Groot Bo... 1 August 2006 1 year ago 30 sec 4
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Eurasian Tree Sparrow and Marmalade Hoverfly. Mlýnec, Jičín, Hradec Králové Region, Czech Republic
Karel Novotný 12 August 2009 9 weeks ago 4.5 -
On the grass of a city garden Shanghai, China (Northern)
juan 26 July 2009 1 year ago 3.8 -
A group resting on the rock. Taiwan
alder 13 January 2009 1 year ago 3.6 -
Sitting on the bird feeder Berlin, Germany
Susanne Rintelen 25 March 2010 22 weeks ago 3.5 -
adult in breeding plumage on a roof Cambodia (ssp malaccensis)
Georges Olioso 19 February 2009 1 year ago 3.5 -
At the bird feeder on my balcony Berlin, Germany (ssp montanus)
Susanne Rintelen 30 October 2009 40 weeks ago 3.3
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Calls of a small group Beddington Farm, London, England, UK
(ssp montanus)
Stuart Fisher 21 March 2006 38 weeks ago 3 -
Flock of birds calling. Bulgaria
(ssp montanus)
Iva Hristova 23 December 2006 38 weeks ago 0
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