Toucans (Ramphastidae)
Emerald Toucanet (Aulacorhynchus prasinus) - HBW 7, p. 251
French: Toucanet émeraude
German: Laucharassari
Spanish: Tucanete Esmeralda
Other common names: Blue-throated Toucanet (caeruleogularis)
Taxonomy: Pteroglossus prasinus Gould, 1834, Valle Real, Mexico.
Related rather closely to A. sulcatus (especially race calorhynchus), and also, less closely, to A. derbianus. Of the many races, several are sometimes considered to represent separate species, especially wagleri, caeruleogularis, albivitta, phaeolaemus, cyanolaemus and atrogularis; these, however, are all similar vocally, bill pattern varies relatively little, and all interbreed with each other or with other races wherever they meet; also, mosaic evolution evident among white-throated and blue-throated races. Races intergrade wid.. View all taxonomy...
Taxonomy: Pteroglossus prasinus Gould,1834. Valle Real, Mexico.
Related rather closely to A. sulcatus (especially race calorhynchus), and also, less closely, to A. derbianus. Of the many races, several are sometimes considered to represent separate species, especially wagleri, caeruleogularis, albivitta, phaeolaemus, cyanolaemus and atrogularis; these, however, are all similar vocally, bill pattern varies relatively little, and all interbreed with each other or with other races wherever they meet; also, mosaic evolution evident among white-throated and blue-throated races. Races intergrade widely, notably virescens with nominate. Race cognatus possibly inseparable from caeruleogularis. Of other races proposed, chiapensis (SE Mexico) and stenorhabdus (W Guatemala, N El Salvador) considered synonymous with virescens, probably showing only clinal differences; maxillaris (Costa Rica, W Panama) with caeruleogularis; and petax (W Andes of Colombia) with phaeolaemus. Fourteen subspecies currently recognized.
Related rather closely to A. sulcatus (especially race calorhynchus), and also, less closely, to A. derbianus. Of the many races, several are sometimes considered to represent separate species, especially wagleri, caeruleogularis, albivitta, phaeolaemus, cyanolaemus and atrogularis; these, however, are all similar vocally, bill pattern varies relatively little, and all interbreed with each other or with other races wherever they meet; also, mosaic evolution evident among white-throated and blue-throated races. Races intergrade widely, notably virescens with nominate. Race cognatus possibly inseparable from caeruleogularis. Of other races proposed, chiapensis (SE Mexico) and stenorhabdus (W Guatemala, N El Salvador) considered synonymous with virescens, probably showing only clinal differences; maxillaris (Costa Rica, W Panama) with caeruleogularis; and petax (W Andes of Colombia) with phaeolaemus. Fourteen subspecies currently recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- wagleri (Sturm, 1841) - SW Mexico (Sierra Madre del Sur, in Guerrero and SW Oaxaca).
- prasinus (Gould, 1834) - E Mexico (SE San Luis Potosí to N Oaxaca) S & E to Yucatán, Belize and N Guatemala.
- warneri Winker, 2000 - SE Mexico (Sierra de Los Tuxtlas, in S Veracruz).
- wagleri (Sturm, 1841) - SW Mexico (Sierra Madre del Sur, in Guerrero and SW Oaxaca).
- prasinus (Gould, 1834) - E Mexico (SE San Luis Potosí to N Oaxaca) S & E to Yucatán, Belize and N Guatemala.
- warneri Winker, 2000 - SE Mexico (Sierra de Los Tuxtlas, in S Veracruz).
- volcanius Dickey & van Rossem, 1930 - E El Salvador (San Miguel Volcano slopes).
- virescens Ridgway, 1912 - SE Mexico (Chiapas) to Honduras and Nicaragua.
- caeruleogularis (Gould, 1854) - Costa Rican mountains to W Panama.
- cognatus (Nelson, 1912) - C & E Panama S to W Colombia (Chocó).
- lautus (Bangs, 1898) - NE Colombia (Santa Marta Mts).
- albivitta (Boissonneau, 1840) - W Venezuelan Andes S to Colombia (E slope of C Andes, E Andes) and E Andean slopes of Ecuador.
- griseigularis Chapman, 1915 - N part of W Andes and W slope of C Andes of Colombia.
- phaeolaemus (Gould, 1874) - W slope of W Andes in W Colombia, N of Patia Canyon.
- cyanolaemus (Gould, 1866) - E Andean slope of S Ecuador to N Peru (La Libertad, Amazonas).
- atrogularis (Sturm, 1841) - E Andean slope from N Peru to C Bolivia (W Santa Cruz).
- dimidiatus (Ridgway, 1886) - hills and lowlands from E Peru to W Brazil (Acre) and N Bolivia (Pando).
- Least Concern
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A bird feeding on small berries La Mesi, El Valle de Antón, Panama (ssp caeruleogularis)
Dave Jackson 10 April 2007 2 years ago 34 sec 4.7 -
An individual perched and feeding on fruits La Mesi, El Valle de Antón, Panama (ssp caeruleogularis)
Dave Jackson 10 April 2007 2 years ago 17 sec 4.5 -
A tame bird preening in the Estancia's terrace Estancia Apa Apa, La Paz, Bolivia (ssp atrogularis)
Josep del Hoyo 25 August 2005 4 years ago 41 sec 4 -
A bird in a tree moving among branches, defecating and then flying away. La Soledad, Oaxaca State, Mexico (Southern) (ssp wagleri)
Josep del Hoyo 16 April 2009 31 weeks ago 29 sec 4 -
A bird in a tree, defecating and looking around. Sumidero Canyon, Chiapas State, Mexico (Southern) (ssp virescens)
Josep del Hoyo 8 April 2009 1 year ago 29 sec 4 -
A bird changing its perch and flying away Central Park Zoo, Central Park, New York City, New York, USA (ssp prasinus)
Josep del Hoyo 1 July 2005 3 years ago 17 sec 4
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A bird on a branch. Monteverde, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica (ssp caeruleogularis)
Nick Athanas 17 November 2005 1 year ago 4 -
A bird perching on a tree Yanayacu Biological Station, Napo Province, Ecuador (ssp albivittata)
Tadeusz Stawarczyk 24 September 2007 1 year ago 3.2 -
Swallowing a small fuit El Dorado Reserve, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena Department, Colombia (ssp lautus)
Erik Breden 10 June 2009 15 weeks ago 3 -
Starting to eat a small fruit El Dorado Reserve, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena Department, Colombia (ssp lautus)
Erik Breden 10 June 2009 15 weeks ago 3 -
Bird in tree Cabañas San Isidro, Napo Province, Ecuador (ssp Albivitta)
Joe Prasil 1 January 2005 16 weeks ago 3 -
A bird in a tree. La Soledad, Oaxaca State, Mexico (Southern) (ssp wagleri)
Josep del Hoyo 16 April 2009 31 weeks ago 3
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Song. Loro Orejiamarillo Natural Reserve, Jardín, Antioquía Department, Colombia
(ssp griseigularis)
Nick Athanas 16 February 2007 37 weeks ago 4
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