Starlings (Sturnidae)

Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) - HBW 14, p. 713

French: Mainate religieux German: Beo Spanish: Miná Religioso
Other common names: (Eastern) Hill Myna, Talking Myna, Common Grackle

Taxonomy: Gracula religiosa Linnaeus, 1758, Asia = Java.
Often treated as conspecific with G. indica, G. enganensis and G. robusta. Birds from Flores (Lesser Sundas), described as race mertensi, considered inseparable from venerata. Seven subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution:

intermedia Blyth, 1845 - N & NE Indian Subcontinent E to Myanmar and S China (including Hainan I), S to N peninsular Thailand, Cambodia and Indochina.
peninsularis Whistler & Kinnear, 1933 - EC India (Orissa and SE Madhya Pradesh).
andamanensis ( Beavan, 1867) - Coco Is (S of W Myanmar), Andaman Is and Nicobar Is.

See all 7 subspecies

intermedia Blyth, 1845 - N & NE Indian Subcontinent E to Myanmar and S China (including Hainan I), S to N peninsular Thailand, Cambodia and Indochina.
peninsularis Whistler & Kinnear, 1933 - EC India (Orissa and SE Madhya Pradesh).
andamanensis ( Beavan, 1867) - Coco Is (S of W Myanmar), Andaman Is and Nicobar Is.
religiosa Linnaeus, 1758 - S Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bangka I, Belitung, N Natunas, Borneo, Java and Bali.
batuensis Finsch, 1899 - Batu Is and Mentawai Is, off W Sumatra.
palawanensis ( Sharpe, 1890) - Palawan (W Philippines).
venerata Bonaparte, 1850 - Lesser Sundas from Lombok and Sumbawa E to Pantar and Alor.