Toucans (Ramphastidae)
Channel-billed Toucan (Ramphastos vitellinus) - HBW 7, p. 270
French: Toucan ariel
German: Dottertukan
Spanish: Tucán Picoacanalado
Other common names: Osculated/Sulphur-and-white-breasted Toucan; Citron-throated/Orange-billed Toucan (citreolaemus); Yellow-ridged Toucan (culminatus); Ariel Toucan (ariel)
Taxonomy: Ramphastos vitellinus M. H. K. Lichtenstein, 1823, Cayenne.
One of the so-called “croaking group” of toucans, along with R. dicolorus, R. sulfuratus, R. brevis and R. toco. No very close relatives. Has hybridized with R. dicolorus. All four races well marked, and sometimes considered four distinct species: all four, however, interbreed to massive extent wherever they meet, forming huge hybrid populations, e.g. culminatus interbreeds with citreolaemus in NW Venezuela, with nominate vitellinus in S Venezuela and Brazil N of Amazon, and widely with ariel S of Amazon (in Amazonas, W Pará,.. View all taxonomy...
One of the so-called “croaking group” of toucans, along with R. dicolorus, R. sulfuratus, R. brevis and R. toco. No very close relatives. Has hybridized with R. dicolorus. All four races well marked, and sometimes considered four distinct species: all four, however, interbreed to massive extent wherever they meet, forming huge hybrid populations, e.g. culminatus interbreeds with citreolaemus in NW Venezuela, with nominate vitellinus in S Venezuela and Brazil N of Amazon, and widely with ariel S of Amazon (in Amazonas, W Pará, Rondônia, Tocantins, Goiás, Piauí, NW São Paulo, and Mato Grosso); hybrids probably outnumber genetically “pure” individuals of all forms, and it proves impossible to draw strict boundaries separating races geographically. Several previously described forms now known to represent hybrids: “berliozi” (R Negro, N Brazil) is cross between nominate vitellinus and culminatus; and “osculans” (upper R Negro), “theresae” (NE Brazil) and “pintoi” (SE Brazil) are all hybrids of culminatus with ariel. Four subspecies currently recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- citreolaemus Gould, 1844 - CN & NE Colombia into NW Venezuela.
- culminatus Gould, 1833 - NW & SW Venezuela, and Colombia E of Andes, E to C & E Brazil (W Pará, Piauí), and S to C Bolivia, Mato Grosso and SE Brazil (NW São Paulo).
- vitellinus Lichtenstein, 1823 - Trinidad, and E Venezuela, the Guianas, and NE Brazil N of Amazon.
- ariel Vigors, 1826 - Brazil S of Amazon, E from R Tapajós in Pará, Maranhão and Piauí, and disjunctly from E Pernambuco S to Santa Catarina.
- Least Concern Enlarge map
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Two birds singing on a border of the forest. Locality Pedro Barros, Miracatú, São Paulo State, Brazil
(ssp ariel)
Antonio Silveira 1 June 1999 44 weeks ago 4 -
A bird calling. Locality Amazonia National Park, Pará State, Brazil
(ssp ariel)
Josep del Hoyo 20 August 2010 2 years ago 4 -
Calls by one bird. Locality Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas State, Brazil
(ssp culminatus)
Josep del Hoyo 26 July 2011 1 year ago 3.7 -
Song Locality Bagne des Annamites, Montsinéry-Tonnegrande, French Guiana
Patrick Ingremeau 30 May 2010 2 years ago 3.5 -
Two birds singing in canopy, after rain. Dos aves cantando en la copa de un árbol, tras la lluvia. Locality Pantiacolla Lodge, Kosñipata Valley, Manu Biosphere Reserve, Madre de Dios Department, Peru
(ssp culminatus)
José M. Formentí 25 July 2009 3 years ago 2 -
Two birds singing near a Cristalino river. Background voice of Screaming Piha (Lipaugus vociferans). Recording made of the cano Locality Cristalino Jungle Lodge, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
(ssp culminatus)
Antonio Silveira 1 July 2002 41 weeks ago 0
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